![]() Infants are born virtually helpless and must be carried everywhere by their mothers for the first two years. ![]() They normally give birth to a single young. The gestation period is thought to be between 220 and 230 days. Females reach sexual maturity at approximately 12 years of age. The communication system of wild bonobos includes a characteristic that was earlier only known in humans: bonobos use the same call to mean different things in different situations, and the other bonobos have to take the context into account when determining the meaning.īreeding occurs throughout the year. They are the most vocal of the great apes, using complicated patterns of vocalizations to communicate detailed information. They sleep in nests that they construct in trees.Īdult bonobos sometimes share a nest, which is a unique behavior among the great apes.īonobos communicate using a wide range of vocalizations and gestures. A community of approximately 100 will split into small groups during the day while looking for food, and then will come back together to sleep. ![]() Females have strong social bonds amongst themselves, but they do not exclude males.īonobo party size tends to vary because the groups exhibit a fission–fusion pattern. Bonobos are considered to have a matriarchal society, meaning that females have a higher social status than males and social interactions areįemale-centered and female-dominated. Their communities are peace-loving and egalitarian. Unlike chimpanzees who form hunting parties to capture monkeys, bonobos do not aggressively hunt mammals. They also eat small mammals, insects, earthworms, honey, eggs, and soil. They eat various parts of plants, including the leaves, flowers, bark, stems, pith, and roots. They eat a variety of foods, including fruits, nuts, seeds, sprouts, vegetation, and mushrooms. Bipedal walking (on just two feet) has been recorded as less than 1% of terrestrial locomotion in the wild and up to nearly 19% in captivity when abundant food is provided.īonobos are very comfortable in trees, swinging hand to hand through the branches, climbing up tree trunks, and leaping from one tree to another.īonobos are omnivores. ![]() Most ground locomotion is characterized by quadrupedal knuckle walking. Their bodies are covered by coarse, black hair, except for the face, fingers, toes, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet.īoth its thumbs and big toes are opposable, allowing a precise grip.īonobos are both terrestrial and arboreal. The bonobo also has a slim upper body, narrow shoulders, thin neck, and long legs when compared to the common chimpanzee. It has a black face with pink lips, small ears, wide nostrils, and long hair on its head that forms a parting. The bonobo’s head is relatively smaller than that of the common chimpanzee with less prominent brow ridges above the eyes. Males can measure up to 1.2 m (4 ft) tall while standing and females up to 1 m (3.3 ft) tall. Head-body length (from the nose to the rump while on all fours) ranges from 70 to 83 cm (28 to 33 in). The adult male bonobo weighs between 34 to 60 kg (75 to 132), the female weighs an average of 30 kg (66 lb) The average lifespan of bonobos is 40 years in captivity their lifespan in the wild is unknown. The bonobo habitat spans approximately 500,000 square kilometers (193,000 square miles). They inhabit the heart of the Congo Basin, the second largest rainforest on Earth.
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